Sunday, February 9, 2020

The Japanese Tabletop RPG Collector's List

The most complete list of Japanese "table talk" role playing games on the web, presented in order of publication with cover art. Also universal supplements, replays, relevant magazines, and selected gamebooks. For games published 2000 or later see a subsequent post.



タクテクス
TACTICS
Hobby Japan
1982
Gallery | Checklist | Index
TACTICS magazine covered the wargaming hobby in Japan and Hobby Japan's own games, often translations of Avalon Hill games. 

The 3rd issue (May 1982) contains an article on adventure role playing games. It includes a short sci-fi RPG called "Donkey Commando" as an example. This is the first Japanese language TRPG!

The 18th issue (November 1984) is dedicated to Traveller, which Hobby Japan had just published in Japanese.

Even-numbered issues from 46 (September 1987) to 76 (March 1990) are role-playing game issues.  After issue 76 Hobby Japan introduced "RPG Magazine" and TACTICS reverted to a periodical exclusively for wargames.


クラッシャージョウ (Crusher Joe) box set
クラッシャージョウ
Crusher Joe
Tsukuda Hobby
1983
Checklist
The Crusher Joe series of novels started appearing in 1977. They got an anime adaption in 1983 in addition to these two RPG box sets.


Enterprise RPG box set
エンタープライズ
Enterprise: Role Play Game in Star Trek
Tsukuda Hobby
1983
Checklist
An original game designed by Tama Yutaka. The product code is HG-014-R, suggesting it was released before Crusher Joe which has product code HG-015-R. Hence Enterprise may be the first stand-alone Japanese RPG to be published.

Tsukuda Hobby also sold a board game called "Star Trek: The Invasion of Klingon Empire" and Star Trek themed plastic kits and minis.


オペレーション
Operation
Tsukuda Hobby
1983
Gallery | Checklist
A quarterly house magazine largely devoted to wargaming. Vol. 2 has an article titled "What is a Role Play Game?" Vol. 6 featured "The Roads to the Lord" on the cover.


ファイティング・ファンタジー
Fighting Fantasy
社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1984
Gallery | Checklist
The Fighting Fantasy series is intended for solo play and might not be regarded as RPG items by some. But dice are required to play and the reader starts out by randomly generating a character with scores for skill, stamina, and luck. Moreover the Japanese translations of the Fighting Fantasy series deserve some credit for spreading knowledge of tabletop RPG idioms in Japan. The original English language series had 59 titles and the first 33 got translated into Japanese.


ローズトゥロード
The Roads to the Lord
Tsukuda Hobby
1984
Gallery | Checklist
An original fantasy game sold as a box set. Tsukuda Hobby sold lead minis for the game in blister packs.

The setting takes place in a land called ユルセルーム (Jerusalem). The land, once united under a single kingdom, is now divided. The titular road runs through the land from east to west and the people regret that it is no longer maintained and can't be traveled in safety.

Guin World uses the same rules as The Roads to the Lord but is set in the world described in the Guin Saga novels.

The initial box set was followed up by a box set called "Beyond Roads to Lord" in 1989, and another called "Far Roads to Lord" in 1993.

Enterbrain released editions of Roads to Lord in 2002 and 2010.


スタークェスト
Star Quest
Tsukuda Hobby
1984
Checklist
Ed Lipsett wrote 4 English language Sci-Fi RPG supplements for Phoenix Games in 1979. One of the titles, the Spacefarer's Guide to Alien Races, used 6 ability scores which range from 1 to 1000, a feature that would reappear in Star Quest, although the names of some of the abilities would change. By 1984 Lipsett relocated to Japan and got this game published. There was no English language version of it.


トラベラー
Traveller
Hobby Japan
1984
Gallery | Checklist
Hobby Japan translated quite a bit of the classic Traveller line. GDW sold adventures and supplements as à la carte booklets, but Hobby Japan preferred to sell them in box sets grouped in twos and threes. Hobby Japan even produced a box set containing FASA adventures. 安田均 (Hitoshi Yasuda), who later founded Group SNE, was the translator.


アドベンチャーヒーローブックス
Adventure Hero Books
勁文社 (Keibunsha)
1985
Gallery | Checklist
An original series of 46 gamebooks. Dice are not needed.


ダンジョンズ&ドラゴンズ
Dungeons & Dragons
新和 (Shinwa)
1985
Gallery | Checklist
Shinwa was the first translator of Dungeons & Dragons into Japanese. They translated 38 items from the classic D&D line and created a few supplements of their own, giving them module codes starting with "ACJ". Spell cards were a favorite supplement of this sort.


Fujimi Gamebooks
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1985
The Fujimi Dragon Books are best known for publishing RPG content, but they got their start with gamebooks, and in particular translations of the AD&D gamebooks originally published by TSR.

Fujimi also translated the Legends of Skyfall gamebooks, providing them with original cover art by Hitoshi Yoneda who would also become the cover artist for the Japanese edition of Warlock magazine.

The Blood Sword series of gamebooks also got translated. These could be played solo or with multiple players and Fujimi advertised them as RPGs.


スーパーアドベンチャーゲーム
Super Adventure Game
東京創元社 (Tokyo Sogensha)
1985
GalleryChecklist
This gamebook series contains a mix of translations and original works.

The Sorcery books are translations of books written by Steve Jackson, one of the Fighting Fantasy authors. They give the player the choice of class: warrior or wizard. 創土社 (Sodosha) reprinted the Sorcery translations in 2003.

The Neverland books are a series of three gamebooks by the same author, Tomohiko Hayashi. In these gamebooks the player gets three lives. To run a gamebook the player is at times instructed to write down values in one of 36 "keys" and refer to them later. The second book is ニフルハイムのユリ (Lily of Niflheim) and the third is ネバーランドのカボチャ男 (Pumpkin Man of Neverland).


クトゥルフの呼び声
Call of Cthulhu
Hobby Japan
1986
Gallery | Checklist
Hobby Japan translated the 2nd Edition of Call of Cthulhu in 1986. They translated a number of scenarios and supplements for the game, releasing them as box sets even when the originals were not. They also translated the 5th edition of Call of Cthulhu and released it as an A4 softcover.


コンプティーク
Comptiq
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1986
An eclectic magazine originally aimed at computer hobbyists. Starting with the January 1986 issue it featured a column by Kuro-chan on tabletop RPGs, writing from which would be collected and re-published by Fujimi Shobo as part of its Fantasy File series.

In September 1986 Comptiq began to serialize a transcript of a Dungeons & Dragons session called "Record of Lodoss War", which would get light novel, manga, and anime adaptations. The Sword World RPG was developed so that "Record of Lodoss War" could be published as a game setting. Finally, the "Record of Lodoss War" serialization popularized the replay format, which is its own genre of literature in Japan. Short transcripts of gaming sessions appear for didactic reasons in the earliest English language editions of D&D, but publishing complete sessions and selling them as standalone books is a distinctly Japanese phenomenon.

The "Record of Lodoss War" serialization concluded in the September 1989 issue. Kadokawa Shoten launched Comp RPG magazine in November 1991, but Crystania replays were serialized in Comptiq as late as April 1993.


ドラゴン  マガジン / ファンタジィ  ゲーマーズ  ジャーナル
Dragon Magazine / Fantasy Gamers' Journal
新和 (Shinwa)
1986
Gallery | Checklist
A quarterly magazine dedicated exclusively to Dungeons & Dragons. After four volumes the name of the magazine was changed to Fantasy Gamers' Journal, and volumes 3 and 4 were re-issued with the new name.


ファミコン冒険ゲームブック
Famicon Adventure Gamebook
双葉社 (Futabasha)
1986
The Famicon was the video game console known as the NES in the United States. Computer RPGs for the Famicon popularized role playing game idioms in Japan. Futabasha produced a line of game books based on titles for the Famicon, including the computer RPGs. They sold in part because they were cheap and the corresponding video games were expensive.


ファンタジー・ファイル
Fantasy File
 富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1986
Gallery | Checklist
A series of generic fantasy RPG supplements published in bunkobon format. There were at least 37 titles and they were published as late as 1997.


ゲームグラフィックス
Game Graphix
大日本絵画 (Dainihonkaiga)
1986
Gallery | Checklist
Originally the magazine covered games such as board games, darts, and slot cars. RPGs and reader participation games dominated later issues. Issues 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 21 include original RPGs. The special issue "Excallibur" contains a mini painting guide and an original RPG.


ハヤカワ・ゲームブック
Hayakawa Game Book
早川書房 (Hayakawa Publishing)
1986
Gallery | Checklist
A series of original gamebooks. The "Witch Dinon" books were written by the designer of "The Roads to the Lord", Naoto Kadokura (門倉直人), and set in the world of that game.


James Bond 007
Victory Games
1986
Checklist
Victory Games designed the original, English-language version of the game. Sources around the web say Hobby Japan was responsible for the translation, but nothing on the translated version says that.


RPG幻想事典
RPG Fantasy Encyclopedia
SoftBank Creative
1986
Gallery | Checklist
This series of fantasy RPG supplements got its start with an encyclopedia of fantasy creatures. A short RPG game was included in an appendix.


ウォーロック
Warlock
社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1986
Gallery | Checklist
"Warlock: The Fighting Fantasy Magazine" was a British magazine dedicated to the Fighting Fantasy gamebooks. The Japanese version of the magazine outlived the original.  Towards the end of its run the Japanese version dropped the "Fighting Fantasy Magazine" subtitle and covered RPGs generally.


フォーリナー
Foreigner
Hobby Japan
1987
Gallery | Checklist
An original RPG which takes place in a medieval European fantasy setting.


指輪物語ロールプレイング
Middle-Earth Role Playing
Hobby Japan
1987
Gallery | Checklist
The Lord of the Rings is called 指輪物語 (yubiwa monogatari, literally "Ring Story") in Japanese.


とンネルズ&とロールズ
Tunnels & Trolls
社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1987
Gallery | Checklist
If you don't count gamebooks, Tunnels & Trolls was the first RPG published as a bunkobon. Monsters! Monsters! and 8 solo adventures were also translated and published as bunkobons.

In 1991 a rules supplement with rule modifications called ハイパートンネルズ&トロールズ (Hyper Tunnels & Trolls) was published by Shakaishisosha. It was written by Group SNE and is not a translation of an English work.


ワープス
WARPS
Tsukuda Hobby
1987
Gallery | Checklist
An initialism for Wild Adventure Role Playing System. This was a generic system like GURPS. Also pictured above are the supplements for the fantasy setting, all of which were box sets. The supplements "Tokyo City" and "Appleseed" are for the futuristic setting.


ドラゴンマガジン
Dragon Magazine
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1988
Gallery | Checklist
Shinwa published a quarterly "Dragon Magazine", but the name was changed to "Fantasy Gamer Journal" when Fujimi Shobo introduced this magazine which mostly contains serializations of light novels and manga. There are some replays and reviews of RPGs.


幻のユニコーンクエスト
The Fantasy Trip (Phantom Unicorn Quest)
Hobby Japan
1988
Checklist
A tankobon book with glossy full color interior pages. It collects and translates seven titles from The Fantasy Trip: "Melee", "Wizard", "Death Test", "Death Test 2", "Grail Quest", "Treasure of the Silver Dragon", and "Treasure of Unicorn Gold".


混沌の渦
Maelstrom
社会思想社  (Shakaishisosha)
1988
Checklist
A translation of a 1984 game set in Tudor England.


ナイトメア・ハンター
Nightmare Hunter
翔企画 (Sho Planning)
1988
Checklist
This game set in a modern setting has the PCs hunting demons in dreams. In 2007 a sequel called "Nightmare Hunter Deep" was released.


オフィシャル D&D マガジン
Official Dungeons & Dragons Magazine
新和 (Shinwa)
1988
Gallery | Checklist
This magazine replaced the Fantasy Gamers' Journal. Initially it was published 6 times a year.


ファンタズム・アドベンチャー
Phantasm Adventure
大日本絵画 (Dainihonkaiga)
1988
Gallery | Checklist
Troy Christiansen is from Michigan. According to Wikipedia he created the game Phantasm Adventure in 1982. In 1987 he moved to Japan to study and the following year he got a translation of his game published. An advanced version of the game was released in 1990.


Rule the World
ルール・ザ・ワールド
Epoch
1988
A box set. Players take the part of heroes fighting an evil organization run by the gamemaster.


ルーンクエスト
RuneQuest
Hobby Japan 
1988
Gallery | Checklist
Hobby Japan translated 17 products from Avalon Hill's RuneQuest line, often providing original cover art.

Although there is an English language "Runequest Companion", the Japanese version is original material.

Runequest '90s is a simplified version of RuneQuest by Rei Katsura. Dragon Atlas is the accompanying world guide.


社会思想社アドベンチャーゲームブック
Shakaishisosha Original Gamebook
 社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1988
Gallery | Checklist
Four original bunkobon gamebooks published by the same company that translated the Fighting Fantasy series.

The second in the series 送り雛は瑠璃色の (Escort of Young Chicks is Blue) draws on Japanese folklore and poetry. One plays the part of the young girl who is a member of a history club. The gamebook was originally published in issues #30 and #31 of Warlock magazine. Also I think a separate adventure called "The Faceless Village" was also included in the bunkobon. The gamebook was republished (with modifications) by 創土社  (Sodosha) in 2003.


Shinkigensha RPG Series
新紀元社 (Shinkigensha)
1988
Gallery | Checklist
A survey of the available RPGs of the day and advice on play.


ストームブリンガー
Stormbringer
Hobby Japan
1988
Gallery | Checklist
A box set translation of Chaosium's 2nd edition. The Stormbringer Companion and Demon Magic were translated and published in 1990 and 1992. Also in 1992 a collection of scenarios called ヴェルヴェットサークル (Velvet Circle) was published. The English language version of Demon Magic contains a scenario called "Velvet Circle", so maybe it isn't in the Japanese language version of Demon Magic?


ウィザードリィRPG
Wizardy RPG
ASCII / Group SNE
1988
Gallery | Checklist
A tabletop RPG based on the Wizardry series of role playing video games which were initially released in North America and translated to Japanese and ported to the Famicom starting in 1985 by ASCII Entertainment, who would later merge with Media Works. The translated video games were even more popular than the originals and spawned the Japanese computer RPG industry.

As an aside, role playing video games are what many in Japan think of when someone mentions RPGs. The Japanese say "テーブルトークRPG" or "TRPG" to refer to pen-and-paper games unambiguously. Note that "テーブルトーク" looks like a borrowing of the English phrase "table talk" but it does not refer to cheating at pinochle. It is an example of 和製英語 (Wasei Eigo).

As for the tabletop Wizardry RPG, the 1988 box set was followed up by a 1993 tankobon edition called 真ウィザードリィ. I'm not sure how this was pronounced. Shin Wizardry? Ma Wizardry? A bunkobon edition called Advanced Wizardry followed in 1995.


ワースブレイド
Wares Blade: Magic and Machinery
Hobby Japan
1988
Gallery | Checklist
A box set fantasy RPG with giant fighting robots. 4 expansion box sets were also produced. A total of 17 products were released for the original edition in the years 1988–1994. In 2008 a d20 based 2nd edition was released.


ドラゴンリング
Dragon Ring
新紀元社 (Shinkigensha)
1989
Checklist
The book is a manga with rules for a TRPG at the back. The manga tells the story of Yuji who grows dissatisfied with computer RPGs and starts playing a table-top game.


レムリカ
Remurica
翔企画 (Sho Planning)
1989
Gallery | Checklist
An RPG which uses cards. The three box sets are "Musketeers", "Monsters", and "Arms Collection".


ロールプレイング・ゲームの達人
Role-Playing Mastery
社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1989
Gallery | Checklist
Translations of "Role-Playing Mastery" (1987) and "Master of the Game" (1989), two books by Gary Gygax containing generic RPG advice.


ソード・ワールド
Sword World
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo) / Group SNE
1989
Gallery | Checklist
Sword World came into existence as a way to publish "Record of Lodoss War" replays and adventures. Some say this was for many years the most popular TRPG in Japan.

The setting is a world called Forcelia which contains Lodoss Island. The game uses d6 dice exclusively. A notable feature is the rating table, which uses a key number depending on the difficulty of a task and a 2d6 roll to generate a number in the range from 0 to 15.

A new version called Sword World 2.0 was released in 2008.


ロードス島戦記
Record of Lodoss War
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten) / Group SNE
1989
Gallery | Checklist
"Record of Lodoss War" got its start as a "replay" serialized in Comptiq magazine in 1986. A replay is the published transcript of a TRPG session; publishing session transcripts is a Japanese innovation. The Lodoss players were playing Dungeons & Dragons and what got serialized in Comptiq was the first replay.

Lodoss would get a novelization in 1988, a computer RPG adaptation in 1988, a TRPG treatment in 1989, an anime in 1990, and a manga in 1991.

The TRPG treatment is the tankobon volumes picture above. They were published in 1989, 1991, and 1994. The "Record of Lodoss War Companion" is intended to be used with Sword World, which was written for this purpose, since using D&D would involve copyright issues. A stand-alone game called "Lodoss Island RPG" was published in 1995.


アドバンスト・ダンジョンズ&ドラゴンズ 第2版
Advanced Dungeons & Dragons, 2nd Edition
新和 (Shinwa)
1990
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Shinwa was also the translator of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd Edition, but it does not appear to have sold well for them since they stopped publishing material soon after its release.


アドバンスト・ファイティング・ファンタジー
Advanced Fighting Fantasy
 社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1990
Gallery | Checklist
The original, English language edition of Advanced Fighting Fantasy was published in 1989. The Japanese edition is a two volume bunkobon set. モンスター事典 (Monster Dictionary) is a translation of "Out of the Pit", a catalog of monsters compiled from the Fighting Fantasy game books.  タイタン  (Titan) describes the world introduced by the FF game books.


アップルベーシック
Apple Basic
宙出版
1990
Several games have been published which use the Apple Basic 2d6 game engine.


ブルーフォレスト物語
Blue Forest Story
Tsukuda Hobby
1990
Gallery | Checklist
This is another fantasy TRPG released as a box set, but it draws from East Asian and South Asian folklore instead of European folklore. The supplementary box sets "Blue Forest Wars" and "Blue Forest Tales" were released in 1991 and 1992.

In 1996 a game based on it was released for the PlayStation. A designer's edition of the TRPG was released the same year.


ガンダムセンチネルRPG
Gundam Sentinel RPG
大日本絵画 (Dainihonkaiga)
1990
Gallery | Checklist
Gundam Sentinel was a novel set in the Gundam universe and serialized in Game Graphix magazine from September 1987 to August 1988. The novel was noted for the amount of technical detail it provides for the battle suits.

Also pictured is ガンダム:0079 RPG (Gundam 0079 RPG), published in 1991 by Dainihonkaiga. It is dedicated to the original Gundam anime series and appears to be a stand-alone game. I'm not sure how similar to rules are to Gundam Sentinal RPG.


メタルヘッド
Metalhead
Hobby Japan
1990
Gallery | Checklist
A cyberpunk/post-apocalyptic RPG set in the year 2150. The first edition was a box set. The second edition released 2000 was a tankobon. Two more editions were released in 2008, one of which was a d20 version of the game.


プライマリー・ギルド・ワールド
Primary Guild World
プライマリー・ギルド・オフィス (Primary Guild Office)
1990
Gallery | Checklist
An original fantasy RPG. "Tertiary Guild" is the players' guide and "Primary Guild" is the game master's guide. The playable races are human, elf, dwarf, or "prairie folk", the last of which are similar to hobbits. One can also play a half-breed cross between any of the four preceding races. The available classes are adventurer, warrior, knight, thief, priest, pilgrim, spirit master, and magic user.


ロールマスター
Rolemaster
Hobby Japan
1990
Gallery | Checklist
"Creatures & Treasures" is a perfect bound softcover. The others are hardbacks.


RPG Magazine
Hobby Japan
1990
Gallery | Checklist
Hobby Japan included an increasing amount of RPG material in Tactics magazine over the years, but eventually established a dedicated magazine for RPGs. My understanding is that one of the issues contains a mini-game called Mobile Racer Championship, set in the cyberpunk world of Metalhead.

When the magazine was discontinued in 1999, Hobby Japan replaced it with the monthly ゲームジャパン (Game Japan) which ran to 2011. Topics included a small amount of TRPG mixed in with card games, computer games, and board games.


ジーク・ジオン
Sieg Zion
Tsukuda Hobby
1990
Gallery | Checklist
Set in the Gundam Universe. The Sieg Zion box set contains a board game with hex map and counters.  The additional rules for "role playing" are spare and free form. The expansion sets provide additional counters.


東京モンスター・バスターズ
Tokyo Monster Busters
Sho Planning
1990
This is set in the near future of 1993. A spatiotemporal quake causes a building that hasn't been built yet to appear. The quake also causes monsters appear. Their bodies contain precious substances not otherwise found in the world.



魔獣戦士ルナ・ヴァルガー
Beast Warrior Luna Valger
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
The first of the Beast Warrior Luna Valger light novels was published in 1988. The series got a straight-to-video anime in 1990 and an RPG in 1991. The rules were published as a standalone book, but each of the bunkobon replays has rules at the end.


ブレード・アンド・ワード
Blade & Word
キラメキ (Kirameki)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
An original fantasy RPG released as a box set. "Acoustic Leaf" is a 2nd edition released as a book.


コンプRPG
Comp RPG
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
A quarterly and later every-two-monthly magazine.


ドラゴンハーフ
Dragon Half
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo) / Group SNE
1991
Gallery | Checklist
Dragon Half was a manga serialized in Dragon Magazine from 1988 to 1994. The strip contains references to RPGs and features Mink, a half-human, half-dragon teenage girl.

The Dragon Half RPG is similar to the Sword World RPG but with rules to achieve comic effects.


フォーチュン・クエスト
Fortune Quest
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
An RPG adaptation of a light novel written in 1989. The light novel also got manga, anime, and video game adaptations.

The 1991 rulebook contains pre-generated character sheets and masks which are intended to be detached. Each character has scores for attack power, defense power, magic avoidance, and trap avoidance. Play proceeds counterclockwise from the game master with success often determined by a 2d6 dice roll.

The 1995 rulebook describes a more elaborate game.

The 2005 box set contains a rulebook, world guide, scenario book, replay book, character sheets, and masks.


ギア・アンティーク
Gear Antique
Tsukuda Hobby
1991
Gallery | Checklist
The game was designed by the same author who wrote Blue Forest Story, Kenji Fushimi, and uses similar rules. It's a steampunk game with some fantasy elements and a setting like 19th century Europe.

Two supplementary box sets: Art Alchemy and Steam Parade, were released in 1992 and 1993. The artist for Gear Antique also published two comic books for the game.

In 1999 a second edition called "Gear Antique—Renaissance" was published.


蓬萊学園の冒険!!
Horai School Adventure!!
遊演体 (Yuentai)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
Horai School Adventure started as play-by-mail game conducted in 1990. The titular Horai School is an institution with more than 100,000 students. The PBM weaved together plots involving a murder mystery, an underground cave, romantic comedy, political intrigue, jungle adventures, pirates, and theft of a sword. Participants were mailed copies of the "Hourai Times" illustrated by Hirofumi Nakamura, whose art also appears on the box sets of the RPG. The events of the RPG pick up where the PBM left off.


テーブルトークRPG入門
Introduction to Tabletop RPG
冒険企画局 (Adventure Planning Bureau)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
Two of these books are introductions to tabletop RPGs by Hitoshi Yasuda, the founder of Group SNE. Yasuda wrote a column called "Introduction to Role-Playing Games" which appeared in Tactics magazine from issue #17 to issue #40.


イサー・ウェン=アー
Itha Wen Ua
Treasure House
1991
Gallery | Checklist
A Fantasy RPG. The brown box set covers levels 1–5. The black box levels 6–16. The blue box levels 17–34. The people with cat ears and dog heads on the box covers are playable races. Two perfect-bound books containing scenarios for the game were also published.


メックナイツ
Mech Knights
Sho Planning
1991
A giant fighting robot game with d10 dice and hex maps.


モンスターホラーショウ
Monster Horror Show
社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1991
Checklist
A translation of a 1987 game.


マルチバース
Multiverse
大日本絵画 (Dainihonkaiga)
1991
Checklist
A science fiction RPG by the author of Phantasm Adventure. A perfect bound book.


パワープレイ
Power Play
Hobby Japan
1991
Gallery | Checklist
A generic fantasy RPG. F.E.A.R. released a 2nd edition in 2000.


ウォーハンマーファンタシー
Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay
 社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
A translation of the RPG by Games Workshop, published as a three volume bunkobon.

Hobby Japan published a translation of the 2nd Edition of Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay in 2006.


ウィッチクエスト
Witch Quest
冒険企画局 (Adventure Planning Bureau)
1991
Gallery | Checklist
These are 6.9" x 4.6" tankobon books. It's a 魔法 少女 (magical girl) genre game in which ones plays a 13 year-old girl or a cat. An even number of characters is best so each girl can pair off with a cat. The first two volumes, subtitled "Little Witch Edith", are a rulebook and a replay. The rulebook is the "lower" (下) volume. The second two volumes, subtitled "City Without Edith and the Cat", are a rulebook supplement and another replay. The game was re-released as a slipcase set with 3 volumes and cards in 2001.


甲竜伝説ヴィルガスト RPG
Armored Dragon Virgast RPG
Keibunsha
1992
Based on a line of toys introduced by Bandai in 1990.


ASURAシステム
ASURA System
Cosmo Engineering
1992
Gallery | Checklist
A family of RPGs with a common system of combat resolution which uses injury ranks instead of hit points to indicate how much damage a character has suffered. There are RPGs for fantasy, horror, far-future science fiction, near future dystopic science fiction, mystery crime solving, and wrestling.


クレギオン
Creguian
Hobby Data
1992
Gallery | Checklist
Set three thousand years in the future. Hobby Data ran ten play-by-mail sessions in this setting, the first in 1990 and the ninth in 2000. A tenth PBM, called "Creguian Endless", was run in 2002 and re-used scenarios from the previous PBMs. Fujimi Shobo published Creguian novels.

Hobby Data ran PBMs for other settings as well. The company went out of business abruptly in 2003, causing several PBMs to be canceled mid-session.


クリスタニア
Crystania
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten) / Group SNE
1992
Gallery | Checklist
Like Record of Lodoss War, Crystania was a campaign run by Ryo Mizuno who then serialized a replay of it in Comptiq magazine beginning in 1989.

The rules were also published in Comptiq magazine. In 1992 Kadokawa published a companion to the Sword World RPG for the Crystania setting. In 1994 Media Works published a stand-alone game called the Crystania RPG.


大活劇 江戸の始末人
Daikatugeki
Hobby Japan / Group SNE
1992
Gallery | Checklist
Set in the Edo period. A box set with one supplement.


恐竜戦隊ジュウレンジャーRPG大百科
Dinosaur Squadron Juuranger RPG Encyclopedia
勁文社 (Keibunsha)
1992
Checklist
The Power Rangers are based on the Japanese Super Sentai franchise and used footage from its television shows. Dinosaur Squadron Juuranger is the 16th Super Sentai series and it aired in 1992. The RPG uses  じゃんけん (rock-paper-scissors) to resolve actions.


ダブルムーン伝説
Double Moon Legend
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten) / ORG
1992
Gallery | Checklist
The game was developed with reader participation. It was serialized in マル勝スーパーファミコ (Maru Sho Super Famicon) in the years 1989–1990. The books are 10" x 6.9" tankobons.


ガープス
GURPS
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten) / Group SNE
1992
In addition to the basic rulebook, the GURPS Magic, Martial Arts, Psionics, and Cyberpunk supplements were translated. There is an original supplement for the martial arts book as well as several original settings, including Cocoon (a Sword World parody), Creatures of the Night (modern horror), Ring Dream (female professional wrestling), and Runal (a setting inspired by RuneQuest). This summarizes what was printed under the Kadokawa Sneaker Bunko label. Fujimi Shobo also published GURPS material starting in 1999.

The GURPS Runal setting was developed by Group SNE writers. It is a fantasy world involving the worship of one of seven moon religions. The setting was influenced by RuneQuest and Glorantha. Kadokawa also published 6 replays for Runal.  A GURPS Runal "Complete Edition" was published by Fujimi Shobo in 1999, and Fujimi Shobo also published 8 replays. In 2005 a sequel called "GURPS Yuel" was published.


学園ぱらだいす
High School Paradise
Tsukuda Hobby / ORG
1992
Checklist
Bishojo games have been a part of Japanese video gaming since the 1980s. This looks like an attempt to bring that genre to the tabletop.


カイゼル・レギオン
Kaiser Legion
Tsukuda Hobby
1992
Checklist
A fantasy RPG sold in a box set. No supplements were produced that I'm aware of.



聖珠伝説パールシード
The Legend of the Pearl Seed
Tsukuda Hobby / 冒険企画局 (Adventure Planning Bureau)
1992
Checklist
A fantasy RPG with easy-to-learn rules and  adventures which can be completed in less than an hour.


ログアウト
LOGOUT
Aspect
1992
Gallery | Checklist
A magazine by the same people responsible for the Wizardry RPG. The magazine includes a lot of fiction and was thus similar to Fujimi's Dragon magazine.


狂宴都市
LUNATIC CITY
Plasma
1992
Play a bounty hunter in the year 2335, when substance abusers with altered appearances go on crime sprees.


まじかるランド
Magical Land
大日本絵画 (Dainihonkaiga)
1992
Checklist
Fantasy game with comic elements, published as an A4 book.


モンスターメーカーRPGホリィアックス
Monster Maker RPG Holy Axe
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1992
Gallery | Checklist
Monster Maker is a collectible card game. It came out in 1988 at the start of a boom in such games.

It was adapted to be a TRPG in 1992. The artwork is by 九月姫 (Hime Kugatsu) who also did the covers for Witch Quest. "Monster Maker RPG: Holy Axe" is the rulebook and "Burgundy Dream: Monster Maker RPG" is a supplement.  A scenario collection and replay were also published. These were both labeled as if they would be the first in a series, though no additional volumes ever got published. Instead, a new edition of the game using the MAGIUS rule system was published in 1995.


RPGなんてこわくない!
RPGs Are Not Scary!
Hobby Japan
1992
Gallery | Checklist
A manga about girls being introduced to tabletop role-playing games. Originally this was serialized in RPG Magazine.  Game Field reprinted the manga with updates in 2000 and came out with a second volume in 2006.


スモール・スティル・ボイス
Small Still Voice
Office Zero
1992
Gallery | Checklist
A fantasy RPG. All magic is performed by means of summoning spirits.


スペオペヒーローズ
Space Opera Heroes
Hobby Japan
1992
Gallery | Checklist
An original game.  Rulebook and supplement are perfect bound A4 books.


聖刻1092RPG
Wares 1092
Asahi Sonorama
1992
Gallery | Checklist
This game was published both as a gamebook and a replay, each with RPG rules in the back. The setting is the same one used by the Wares Blade RPG and comes originally from a series of novels about giant robots in a medieval fantasy world.


イース―テーブルトークRPG
Ys Tabletop RPG
ASCII
1992
Gallery | Checklist
Ys was originally a computer RPG which was ported to the Famicon in 1988. 


サイバーパンク2.0.2.0.
Cyberpunk 2.0.2.0
Hobby Base
1993
Gallery | Checklist
A translation of the 1990 R. Talsorian game.


ダーク・コンスピラシー
Dark Conspiracy
Hobby Japan
1993
Gallery | Checklist
A translation of the 1991 GDW game which uses the Twilight 2000 rules in a near-future horror setting. I have not been able to confirm the publication date of the Japanese edition; 1993 is the year the scenario "Singing in the Storm" was published.


メックウォリア
Mechwarrior
富士見文庫 (Fujimi Shobo)
1993
Gallery | Checklist
Mechwarrior is an RPG set in the same universe as the Battletech tabletop wargame. FASA published the 1st edition in 1986 and the 2nd edition in 1991.


リングバース
Ringverse
新紀元社  (Shinkigensha)
1993
Checklist
An example of the 異世界 (isekai) genre. The players assume present-day characters summoned to another world to participate in adventure.


秘境探検ファム&イーリー
Ruin Explorers Fam & Ihrie
Hobby Japan
1993
A manga featuring two female treasure hunters was serialized in RPG Magazine starting in 1992. The following year the RPG was released in a special issue of RPG Magazine. A four episode original video animation was released in 1995.


RPG福袋
RPG Fortune Bag
Hobby Japan
1993
Gallery | Checklist
Hobby Japan released these A4 sized annuals in 1993, 1994, and 1996. Each was about 136 pages long and contained 6 or 7 short RPGs. Enterbrain released a fourth annual called RPG Super Session Feast in 2002 with some of the same authors.


RPG Supplement
 社会思想社 (Shakaishisosha)
1993
Checklist | Gallery
An attempt perhaps to produce a line of generic supplements comparable to the Fantasy File series.


 真・女神転生
Shin Megami Tensei
ASCII
1993
Gallery | Checklist
女神転生 (Megami Tensei) was a series of novels, the first of which was published in 1986. There was an anime adaption and a computer RPG adaption in 1987. The computer game had a successor in 1992 called 真・女神転生 (Shin Megami Tensei) which the TRPG was based on.



Super Queen Legend
超女王様伝説
Kadokawa
1993
This was initially a "reader participation game" serialized in Comp RPG.


夜桜忍法帖
Yozakura Ninpo Jo
遊演体 (Yuentai)
1993
Checklist
This RPG enables one to play a ninja in a modern day setting. Yuentai also ran a related play-by-mail game in 1993.


戦国霊異伝
Sengoku Reiden
キラメキ (Kirameki)
1993
Gallery | Checklist
Set in the fictional land of Fuso modeled after Japan during the Warring States period (1467–1568 CE). Characters are tasked with exterminating 妖怪 (yokai) and 魔物 (demons) which roam the streets. There was a 2005 reprint by Booking. Booking later produced Bakumatsu Ryoiden, which uses the same rules as Sengoku Reiden but takes place in the Edo period.


トーキョーN◎VA
Tokyo NOVA
Tsukuda Hobby
1993
Gallery | Checklist
A cyberpunk game set in a Tokyo of the future. Tokyo bay has dried up and the city has relocated to the bottom of the bay. The game uses cards instead of dice. Two replays were published to go with the 1st edition. The 2nd edition (1995) got supplements and scenarios. The 3rd edition (1998) is called 『トーキョーN◎VA The Revolution』.


トーグ
TORG
新紀元社 (Shinkigensha)
1993
Gallery | Checklist
A translation of the RPG by West End Games. The basic rules are two books in a slipcase cover. The supplements are standalone books which cover the various "realms" of the TORG universe.


放課後奇譚
After School Mystery
Aspect
1994
Checklist
The players attempt to solve mysteries involving ghosts or monsters. The game was issued in a bunkobon and there are no supplements or later editions.


アラベスク 運命の風
Arabesque Fortuna Ventus
Hobby Data
1994
Checklist
A Fantasy RPG with an Arabian setting. Hobby Data ran "Arabesque" play-by-mail games in 1994, 1995, and 1996. A novel for the setting was also published in 1994.


Beast Century 拳皇伝説
Beast Century: Legend of the King of Fists
Shinkigensha
1994
Reproduces the action of video games in a tabletop RPG.


ベルファール魔法学園
Belfahr's Magic School
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1994
Checklist
An RPG about children studying at a school for magic. It predates the first Harry Potter novel by three years. The rulebook is a bunkobon. Four articles in support of the game were published in Comp RPG magazine.


電撃アドベンチャーズ
Dengeki Adventures
Media Works
1994
Gallery | Checklist
Launched as a TRPG magazine, but articles on TRPG were largely gone towards the end of the run, being replaced by articles on collectible card games and "reader participation" games. Light novels were also serialized.


ダウン・ザ・ワールド
Down the World
Aspect
1994
Checklist
Bunkobon. Released together with a computer RPG for the Super Nintendo.


ダンジョンズ&ドラゴンズ
Dungeons & Dragons
Media Works / Group SNE
1994
Gallery | Checklist
Group SNE translated the Rules Cyclopedia and Media Works published it under their Dengeki Bunko label. Although the RC is a single volume hardcover, the translation is divided into three bunkobon volumes. The names of the volumes: "Monsters", "Players", and "Dungeon Masters", echo the core rulebooks of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons. All artwork is original to the translation and in a style characteristic of Japanese manga.

The rulebooks were supported by translations of B10 "Nights Dark Terror", B11 "King's Festival", and B12 "Queen's Harvest", and 5 replays, all in bunkobon format. In addition there was an A4-sized D&D Game Master Screen.

Media Works also published seven D&D novels.


ゴーストハンター
Ghost Hunter
ASCII / Group SNE
1994
Gallery | Checklist
A horror genre RPG set in the USA in the 1920s. There is even an entity summoned from beyond called 名前無きもの "Nameless thing". The setting for this game was first used in the 1987 computer RPG ラプラスの魔 "Laplace's Demon". Hitoshi Yasuda, founder of Group SNE, wrote a novelization in 1988.


ハイパーT&T
Hyper Tunnels & Trolls
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1994
Gallery | Checklist
In 1994 Kadokawa Shoten published a revised version of Hyper Tunnels & Trolls.


央華封神
Oka Shujin
Media Works / Group SNE
1994
Gallery | Checklist
The setting of this game is based on the 16th century Chinese novel 封神演義 (Investiture of the Gods).  One plays a hermit and Taoist concepts figure prominently. This is a 2d6 game. The first edition was published as two bunkobon volumes; the first for players and the second for the game master. There have been two subsequent editions.


パラダイス・フリート
Paradise Fleet
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1994
Gallery | Checklist
A science fiction RPG with rules for spaceship battles and trade negotiations. Fiction with the same name was serialized in Dragon Magazine starting with the July 1994 issue. A source says this was originally a light novel for which fans submitted rules to Dragon Magazine in the early 90s, culminating in the 1994 bunkobon.


RPGドラゴン
RPG Dragon
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1994
Gallery | Checklist
A quarterly house magazine for games published by Fujimi Shobo.


シャドウラン
Shadowrun
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1994
Gallery | Checklist
A translation of the 2nd edition. The other materials pictured above are original and were written by Group SNE. Fujimi Shobo also published two titles for Shadowrun in the Fantasy File series. The 4th edition was translated in 2007.


MAGIUS
富士見書房 (Fujimi Shobo)
1995
Gallery | Checklist
An initialism for "Multiple Assignable Game Interface for Universal System", the start book presents a base of rules on which more detailed and setting specific games can be built. It is similar to GURPS but simpler. 5 books were produced for a Slayers RPG, 3 books for a Neon Genesis Evangelion RPG, 4 books for a Tenchi Muyo RPG, and 2 books for a Sorcerous Stabber Orphen RPG.

Horai School (蓬莱学園) and Monster Maker (モンスターメーカー) also got books describing RPGs on the MAGIUS system, and notably so, since RPGs for those settings already existed.

The Go Ryutei (五竜亭) RPG is based on the fantasy setting introduced in the Fantasy File quiz books.


マイトレーヤ SWORD SYSTEM
Maitreiya Sword System
新紀元社 (Shinkigensha)
1995
Checklist
A set of rules for fantasy combat in the world of Adelworth. Spell casting is not covered in the book—possibly that was intended for a future volume that never got published.


三國志演技
Sangokushi Engi
Koei / F.E.A.R.
1995
Gallery | Checklist
A setting based on the 14th century Chinese novel 三国志演義 (Romance of the Three Kingdoms).


鋼鉄の虹 パンツァーメルヒェン
Steel Rainbow Panzermärchen
Aspect
1995
Gallery | Checklist
The game takes place in a fictional central European country in 1937. It thus features WW2 style combat, but there is also a type of humanoid robot called a Jäger. The play-by-mail game "Steel Rainbow die Eisenglorie" takes place in the same setting.


CRY-MAX RPG 熱血専用!
CRY-MAX RPG Only For Hot Blood!
Hobby Japan
1996
Character attributes such as hit points depend on whether one is the hero or the villain. The intent is to encourage a certain story to happen.


 エルジェネシス
El Genesis
Game Field
1996
Shown in the top row are box sets published in 1996, 1997, and 1998. The first is appropriate for playing fantasy in the style of "Slayers". The second introduces machines and modern technology. The third is set in a school.


ゲーマーズ・フィールド
Gamers Field
Game Field
1996
An RPG magazine published 6 times a year and the oldest Japanese RPG magazine still being published.

The magazine covers games written by the members of F.E.A.R. (Far East Amusement Research). Two of the organization's games are Tokyo NOVA and Seven Fortress. F.E.A.R. has a publishing arm called Game Field, though some of their games are published by other publishers for better distribution.


摩陀羅RPG
Madara RPG
Media Works
1996
A related series of novels, manga, and video games were developed by Media Works about Madara, the prince of light, and his struggles with the demon king Miroku.


新世紀エヴァンゲリオン
Neon Genesis Evangelion
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1996
Two Comp Collection specials, each with a slightly different set of rules for play. Both are unrelated to the Neon Genesis Evangelion game by Fujimi Shobo which uses the Magius system. 


セブン=フォートレス
Seven Fortress
Hobby Japan
1996
Gallery | Checklist
The origins of this game go back to sessions run by Takeshi Kikuchi (菊池たけし), serialized in RPG Magazine in 1991. Kikuchi developed rules to replicate a shonen manga style adventure such as Dragon Ball. He used a 2d6 system in which one of the values from 2 to 12 is designated as a critical hit value and another as a fumble value. These values are chosen randomly at the start of play.

7 is the most likely occurring value in a 2d6 roll and the number features prominently throughout the game. There are 7 attributes: sky 空, fire 炎, forest 森, sea 海, darkness 闇, ice 氷, and illusion 幻. The setting is a fantasy world called Lars Feria which is divided into 7 cultures. The ruins of ancient cultures are found throughout the two continents, the most famous of which are 7 forts.

Enterbrain published a V3 edition in 2002 and a fourth edition (called Mobius) in 2008. Fujimi Shobo published replays (dragon book series number 20) for the V3 edition.


天羅万象
Tenra Basho
Hobby Japan
1996
Gallery | Checklist
The setting is a mix of futuristic (mecha, cyberpunk) and traditional Japanese elements (Sengoku culture, Buddhism). The second edition is called 天羅万象・零 (Tenra Basho Zero) and was released in 2000.


VS騎士ラムネ&40炎RPG
VS Knight Ramune & 40 Flame RPG
Kadokawa
1996
Released the same year as the anime of the same name in which two shrine maidens from the glittering spirit world use a video game to recruit a champion to fight the evil god Abraham.


深淵
Abyss
Hobby Japan
1997
Gallery | Checklist
A 2d6 fantasy game with an elaborate setting and fate cards.


番長学園!!
Bancho Gakuen!!
Hobby Japan
1997
Gallery | Checklist
The word 番長 (bancho) means "leader of a group of juvenile delinquents". Modified versions of the rulebook and supplement were reprinted by Booking.


CLAMP学園
CLAMP School
角川書店 (Kadokawa Shoten)
1997
Checklist
CLAMP学園探偵団 (CLAMP School Detectives) is a manga first appearing in 1992. CLAMP学園公式ガイドブック (CLAMP School Official Guidebook) is a book with information about the fictional school in the manga. The RPG is contained in an appendix at the end of the guidebook.


アースドーン
Earthdawn
Media Works
1997
Gallery | Checklist
A translation of the fantasy game by FASA, a prequel to Shadowrun.


機動戦士ガンダムRPG 
Mobile Suit Gundam RPG
Hobby Japan
1997
Gallery | Checklist
A new game which uses different rules than the Gundam games published by Dainihonkaiga in 1990 and 1991.


トレイダーズ!
Traders!
Game Field
1997
Gallery | Checklist
A fantasy world of magic and monsters where players engage in trade. There is a game master, but play requires a board and the GM must prepare a card for each event that can happen. Game Field sold booklets—called "Super Scenario Support"—of scenarios with pre-fabricated cards. They were mostly sold via mail order. Traders! was the first game to have them, but other games got Super Scenario Support as well.


放課後怪奇くらぶ
Twilight Zone in School
Hobby Japan
1997
Checklist
A closer translation of the Japanese title would be "After School Mystery Club". This game is similar to the Call of Cthulhu RPG to the point of sharing rules with the Basic Role Playing system. Published as an oversize 120 page book.


新星界スターロード
Star Road
Game Field
1998
Checklist
A revised version of Space Opera Heroes by the same author.


BEAST BIND 魔獣の絆
Beast Bind
小学館 (Shogakukan)
1999
Gallery | Checklist
The game takes place in a modern setting and players assume the roles of half-demons. The first edition was supported by one supplement.

The second edition (2004) is called Beast Bind New Testament and the third edition (2010) is called Beast Bind Trinity.


x
ブレイド・オブ・アルカナ
Blade of Arcana
ASCII
1999
Gallery | Checklist
The game uses d20 and d12 dice. The title of the game contains a reference to the 22 arcana of a deck of tarot cards.

The second edition was released in 2001 and a third edition in 2006. A fourth edition, called Blade of Arcana: Reincarnation, was released in 2015.


ガープス
GURPS
Fujimi Shobo
1999
GURPS found a home with Fujimi Shobo after Kadokawa stopped publishing material for it in 1997. The first set of Fujimi rulebooks were based on 3rd edition and set of rulebooks based on 4th edition followed in 2005.

Fujimi republished Runal material in a single volume and introduced several new settings.

In Dragon Merc, characters are possessed by the spirit of super-dimensional entities called "dragons" and attempt to prevent villains called "divas" from traveling back in time to change history.

Yuell is western-style fantasy and a sequel to the Runal setting.

Power-up contains four different settings: "Magical Thieves", "Sosal Knights Academy", "Mysterious Cats", and "Chivalric Warriors".


For a list of all items mentioned in this post, see the consolidated collector's list.

For games published 2000 or later see a subsequent post.

Monday, December 23, 2019

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Old Polyhedral Dice: dicecollector.com


dicecollector.com has some good information, but I don't find the site easy to navigate. Here are the pages with information about old polyhedral dice:

Sunday, June 2, 2019

Isometric Projection


When making a drawing in Photoshop that employs an isometric projection, it would be nice if I could set the distance between vertical gridlines to be different from the distance between horizontal gridlines. A √3:1 ratio is what I want. It doesn't appear to be possible though.


Instead I put the above image in the top layer at low opacity. I had to forego the snap-to-grid feature. At least Photoshop tells me what angle the line I'm drawing is making with the horizontal. Once I had a 30° line I copied it frequently, sometimes flipping the copy horizontally. Then I moved the copy into place while eyeballing the lines in the top layer. When all of my lines were in place I made the top layer invisible.

When a corridor is in front of another corridor from the perspective of the viewer some trickery is called for. I should have made the walls bounding the corridor in front thicker, perhaps even a full 10' thick. I used dotted lines to show the outline of the corridor in back and I should have used dotted lines in the wall too with inverted colors.

Dotted lines are something I struggle with in Photoshop. The Photoshop line tool models a line as a thin rectangle and I get two sets of dotted lines slightly offset from each other.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Coins

The last two kings of Lydia were Alyattes (r. 610 BCE – 560 BCE) and Croesus (r. 560 BCE – 546 BCE) after which the kingdom was conquered by the Persians and added to their empire. Alyattes issued the first coins for currency. The coins were made out of electrum, an alloy of gold and silver occurring naturally in Asia Minor. The coin was called the trite and weighed 4.5 grams. It had the profile of a lion's head on the obverse. The reverse simply had one or two square punch marks made by the tool used when stamping the coin. 

As the ratio of gold and silver in electrum is variable, so was the value of the trite. Croesus preferred to have the electrum ore refined. He issued separate coins of gold and silver called staters with the profiles of a lion and a bull facing each other on the front. The gold stater weighed 8.1 grams and was worth 10 times a silver stater which weighed 10.7 grams. From the exchange rate we see that the value of gold was 13.3 times the value of silver at the time.

The Greeks had traditionally used spits of bronze called obols as currency. After 546 BCE coins of silver were issued in Athens and other cities. The Athenian drachma became standardized at 4.3 grams. During the classical period it had the head of Athena in profile on the front and the owl of Athena on the back. Silver coins of two, four, and ten times the value and weight of the drachma were also issued, as was a silver coin called an obol like the spits of the archaic period. The obol had 1/6 the value and weight of a drachma.

The Romans traditionally used ingots of bronze called aes signatum as currency. Each ingot weighed about 55 grams. Silver was not abundant in the Italian peninsula but silver coins were sometimes used to facilitate trade with Greek cities in the south. By the time of the 2nd Punic War (218 BCE – 201 BCE) coins became the main form of currency. The Romans struck or cast coins from bronze, silver, and occasionally gold. Coins of the republic displayed images drawn from mythology, but Julius Caesar initiated the practice, imitated by the emperors, of putting his own image on coins. The main coins after Augustus' reform of the currency in 23 BCE were the gold aureus, the silver denarius, and the bronze as. The exchange rate was:

    1 aureus = 25 denarii = 250 asses

Later Roman emperors could not resist the temptation to debase the coinage. By the end of the Roman Empire the denarius was used as the name for a coin of much less worth. Diocletian introduced a new gold coin called the solidus which was lighter than the aureus of Augustus. Constantine set the weight of the solidus at 4.5 grams and put it into widespread circulation.

The exchange rate of the £sd system of currency was set by Charlemagne in 794 who decreed that 240 denarii should contain exactly 1 pound of silver:

    1 libra = 20 solidi = 240 denarii

The Charlemagne standard for currency was used by the French until 1795 and the British until 1971.

    English     French      Charlemagne
    -------     ------      -----------
    pound       livre       libra
    shilling    sou         solidus
    pence       denier      denarius

It is tempting to map these names to the GP, SP, and CP of gaming but the reality is complicated. After the reform of Charlemagne the gold solidus was discontinued and the only coin in circulation was the silver denarius.  The libra referred to a pound of silver and was not a coin.

In France the denier was a silver coin. The only time the sou was issued during the Middle Ages was during the reign of Louis IX (1226–1270) and it was also a silver coin, only heavier. Louis IX also issued a gold coin called the écu d'or with the value of the livre.

In England the pence was a silver coin until 1797 when it became copper. A silver shilling was introduced in 1503 and gold coin called the sovereign with the value of a pound in 1817.

The exchange rates of coins in early editions of the game are as follows

    OD&D:     1 GP  =  10 SP  =   50 CP
    Holmes:   1 GP  =  10 SP  =   50 CP
    AD&D:     1 GP  =  20 SP  =  200 CP
    Moldvay:  1 GP  =  10 SP  =  100 CP

Money and prices were introduced to gaming as part of the Blackmoor campaign. Originally prices were exclusively given in gold pieces and whole numbers to boot. This perhaps explains the inflated prices found in all editions of the game when compared to medieval prices. It's a problem for those who use medieval prices but don't want characters living like princes at second level.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Saturday, May 18, 2019

Another Nod to the Original Dice


I don't use the dice in the top row—they are are made of soft plastic and would wear out. However, I want the dice I use to match the dice in the top row as much as possible. The bottom row is as close as I've gotten. I admit I'm dissatisfied with the color of the d8.

Monday, May 28, 2018

Collectors' Lists


My TSR D&D product list is an extension of the list posted on Grognardia. Here are other lists I find useful:

Wednesday, May 2, 2018

TSR Dungeons & Dragons

Numbers of interest to the collector.

In a previous post I made a list of the titles that TSR released for Dungeons & Dragons and Advanced Dungeons & Dragons. Here's how many titles were released for each system:

system
AD&D660
D&D148

The "D&D" count includes the six "original" Dungeons & Dragons titles and the Holmes box set.

Next a chart showing number of titles released by year:
The list of titles follows the format of the product chronology by Maliszewski whose list ends in 1988, however. Like him I broke the titles down into four types:
type
accessory336
adventure349
boxed set95
hardcover28

TSR also made periodicals, dice, miniatures, and sets of cards. I've left those out of the list.

The use of settings as a brand for AD&D titles started in 1984.

setting
no setting364
Forgotten Realms130
Greyhawk65
Ravenloft64
Dragonlance48
Planescape29
Birthright28
Dark Sun25
Spelljammer21
Al-Qadim14
Lankhmar13
Mystara (2E)7

Usually the setting is made clear on the cover, but early modules were sometimes set in Greyhawk and the only indication was a note in the text.

Many D&D titles were set in a world called the "Known World", the "Dungeons & Dragons Game World", or "Mystara". The "Known World" is what Moldvay and Schick called their personal campaign setting. The map in X1 was derived from that setting. The name "Mystara" was first used in 1991 by the Rules Cyclopedia. None of these names were used as brands on the covers of D&D titles. In 1994 TSR converted Mystara to an AD&D 2E setting.

Saturday, April 14, 2018

TSR Dungeons & Dragons Products by Year

TSR released over 800 titles for Dungeons & Dragons and Advanced Dungeons & Dragons. In the list below D&D appears after Dungeons & Dragons titles; Advanced Dungeons & Dragons titles have nothing or a setting code after them. The list is available as a CSV file.

1974: 
Boxed Sets: 
Dungeons & Dragons D&D

1975: 
Accessories: 
Supplement I: Greyhawk D&D
Supplement II: Blackmoor D&D

1976: 
Accessories:
Supplement III: Eldritch Wizardry D&D
Supplement IV: Gods, Demi-Gods & Heroes D&D
Swords & Spells D&D
Dungeon Geomorphs Set One: Basic Dungeon D&D

1977: 
Hardcovers: 
Monster Manual

Boxed Sets: 
Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set D&D

Accessories: 
Character Record Sheets D&D
Dungeon Geomorphs Set Two: Caves & Caverns D&D
Dungeon Geomorphs Set Three: Lower Dungeons D&D
Outdoor Geomorphs Set One: Walled City D&D
Monster & Treasure Assortment Set One: Levels One–Three D&D
Monster & Treasure Assortment Set Two: Levels Four–Six D&D

1978: 
Hardcovers: 
Players Handbook

Accessories: 
Monster & Treasure Assortment Set Three: Levels Seven–Nine D&D

Adventures: 
B1 In Search of the Unknown D&D
D1 Descent into the Depths of the Earth
D2 The Shrine of the Kuo-Toa
D3 Vault of the Drow
G1 Steading of the Hill Giant Chief
G2 The Glacial Rift of the Front Giant Jarl
G3 Hall of the Fire Giant King
S1 Tomb of Horrors GH

1979:
Hardcovers: 
Dungeon Masters Guide

Accessories: 
Dungeon Masters Screen
Non-Player Character Records
Permanent Character Folder and Adventure Records
Player Character Record Sheets

Adventures: 
S2 White Plume Mountain GH
T1 Village of Hommlet GH

1980: 
Hardcovers: 
Deities & Demigods

Accessories: 
Dungeon Geomorphs Set One-Three D&D
Dungeon Masters Adventure Log
Monster & Treasure Assortment Set One-Three D&D
Player Character Record Sheets D&D
The Rogue's Gallery
World of Greyhawk GH

Adventures: 
A1 Slave Pits of the Undercity GH
B2 Keep on the Borderlands D&D
C1 The Hidden Shrine of Tomoachan GH
C2 Ghost Tower of Inverness GH
Q1 Queen of the Demonweb Pits
S3 Expedition to the Barrier Peaks GH

1981: 
Hardcovers: 
Fiend Folio

Boxed Sets: 
Dungeons & Dragons Basic Set D&D
Dungeons & Dragons Expert Set D&D

Adventures: 
A2 Secret of the Slavers Stockade GH
A3 Assault on the Aerie of the Slave Lords GH
A4 In the Dungeon of the Slave Lords GH
B3 Palace of the Silver Princess D&D
D1-2 Descent into the Depths of the Earth
G1-2-3 Against the Giants
I1 Dwellers of the Forbidden City GH
L1 The Secret of Bone Hill GH
U1 The Sinister Secret of Saltmarsh GH
X1 The Isle of Dread D&D

1982: 
Adventures: 
B4 The Lost City D&D
I2 Tomb of the Lizard King
I3 Pharoah
N1 Against the Cult of the Reptile God GH
S4 Lost Caverns of Tsojcanth GH
U2 Danger at Dunwater GH
WG4 The Forgotten Temple of Tharizdun GH
X2 Castle Amber D&D
X3 Curse of Xanathon D&D

1983: 
Hardcovers: 
Monster Manual II

Boxed Sets:
Dungeons & Dragons Set 1: Basic Rules D&D
Dungeons & Dragons Set 2: Expert Rules D&D
World of Greyhawk GH

Accessories: 
AC1 The Shady Dragon Inn D&D

Adventures: 
B5 Horror on the Hill D&D
EX1 Dungeonland
EX2 The Land Beyond the Magic Mirror
I4 Oasis of the White Palm
I5 Lost Tomb of Martek
I6 Ravenloft RL
L2 The Assassin’s Knot GH
M1 Blizzard Pass D&D
M2 Maze of the Riddling Minotaur D&D
O1 The Gem and the Staff D&D
U3 The Final Enemy GH
UK1 Beyond the Crystal Cave GH
UK2 The Sentinel GH
X4 Master of the Desert Nomads D&D
X5 Temple of Death D&D

1984: 
Boxed Sets: 
Dungeons & Dragons Set 3: Companion Rules D&D

Accessories:
AC2 Combat Shield & Mini-adventure D&D
AC3 3-D Dragon Tiles featuring The Kidnapping of Princess Arelina D&D
AC4 The Book of Marvelous Magic D&D
AC5 Player Character Record Sheets D&D

Adventures:
B6 The Veiled Society D&D
B7 Rahasia D&D
B8 Journey to the Rock D&D
BSOLO Ghost of Lion Castle D&D
C3 The Lost Island of Castanamir
C4 To Find a King
CB1 Conan Unchained!
CB2 Conan Against Darkness!
CM1 Test of the Warlords D&D
CM2 Death’s Ride D&D
CM3 Sabre River D&D
DL1 Dragons of Despair DL
DL2 Dragons of Flame DL
DL3 Dragons of Hope DL
DL4 Dragons of Desolation DL
DL5 Dragons of Mystery DL
MV1 Midnight on Dagger Alley
N2 The Forest Oracle
O2 Blade of Vengeance D&D
UK3 The Gauntlet GH
UK4 When a Star Falls
UK5 Eye of the Serpent
UK6 All that Glitters…
WG5 Mordenkainen’s Fantastic Adventure GH
X6 Quagmire! D&D
X7 The War Rafts of Kron D&D
X8 Drums on Fire Mountain D&D
XL1 Quest for the Heartstone D&D
XSOLO Lathan’s Gold D&D

1985: 
Hardcovers:
Oriental Adventures
Unearthed Arcana

Boxed Sets: 
Battlesystem
Dungeons & Dragons Set 4: Master Rules D&D

Accessories: 
Lankhmar: City of Adventure LNK
AC6 Player Character Record Sheets D&D
AC7 Master Player Screen featuring The Spindle D&D
AC8 3-D Dragon Tiles featuring The Revenge of Rusak D&D
REF1 DM Screen

Adventures: 
B9 Castle Caldwell and Beyond D&D
C5 The Bane of Llywelyn
CA1 Swords of the Undercity LNK
CM4 Earthshaker! D&D
CM5 Mystery of the Snow Pearls D&D
CM6 Where Chaos Reigns D&D
DL6 Dragons of Ice DL
DL7 Dragons of Light DL
DL8 Dragons of War DL
DL9 Dragons of Deceit DL
DL10 Dragons of Dreams DL
DL11 Dragons of Glory DL
H1 Bloodstone Pass
I7 Baltron’s Beacon
M1 Into the Maelstrom D&D
T1-4 The Temple of Elemental Evil GH
UK7 Dark Clouds Gather
WG6 Isle of the Ape GH
X9 The Savage Coast D&D
X10 Red Arrow, Black Shield D&D
XS2 Thunderdelve Mountain D&D

1986: 
Hardcovers: 
Dungeoneer’s Survival Guide
Wilderness Survival Guide

Boxed Sets: 
Dungeons & Dragons Set 5: Immortal Rules D&D

Accessories:
AC9 Creature Catalogue D&D
REF2 Character Record Sheets
REF3 Book of Lairs

Adventures: 
A1-4 Scourge of the Slavelords GH
B10 Night’s Dark Terror D&D
CA2 Swords of Deceit LNK
CM7 The Tree of Life D&D
DA1 Adventures in Blackmoor D&D
DA2 Temple of the Frog D&D
DL12 Dragons of Faith DL
DL13 Dragons of Truth DL
DL14 Dragons of Triumph DL
GDQ1-7 Queen of the Spiders
H2 The Mines of Bloodstone
I8 Ravager of Time
I9 Day of Al’Akbar
I10 Ravenloft II: The House on Griffon Hill RL
IM1 Immortal Storm D&D
M2 Vengeance of Alphaks D&D
M3 Twilight Calling D&D
N3 Destiny of Kings
N4 Treasure Hunt
OA1 Swords of Daimyo
OA2 Night of the Seven Swords
RS1 Red Sonya Unconquered
X11 Saga of the Shadow Lord D&D

1987: 
Hardcovers:
Dragonlance Adventures DL
Manual of the Planes

Boxed Sets: 
Forgotten Realms Campaign Set FR
Kara Tur, the Eastern Realms FR

Accessories: 
AC10 Bestiary of Dragons and Giants D&D
AC11 The Book of Wondrous Inventions D&D
FR1 Waterdeep and the North FR
FR2 Moonshae FR
GAZ1 The Grand Duchy of Karameikos D&D
GAZ2 The Emirates of Ylaruam D&D
GAZ3 The Principalities of Glantri D&D
GAZ4 The Kingdom of Ierendi D&D
REF4 Book of Lairs II

Adventures: 
B1-9 In Search of Adventure D&D
C6 Official RPGA Tournament Handbook
CM8 The Endless Stair D&D
CM9 Legacy of Blood D&D
DA3 City of the Gods D&D
DA4 Duchy of Ten D&D
DQ1 The Shattered Statue FR
H3 The Bloodstone Wars FR
I3-5 Desert of Desolation
I11 Needle
I12 Egg of the Phoenix
I13 Adventure Pack I
IM2 The Wrath of Olympus D&D
IM3 The Best of Intentions D&D
M4 Five Coins for a Kingdom D&D
M5 Talons of Night D&D
N5 Under Illefarn FR
OA3 Ochimo: The Spirit Warrior
OA4 Blood of the Yakuza
S1-4 Realms of Horror GH
X12 Skarda’s Mirror D&D
X13 Crown of Ancient Glory D&D

1988: 
Hardcovers: 
Greyhawk Adventures GH

Boxed Sets: 
City System FR

Accessories: 
DM's Design Kit
FR3 Empires of the Sands FR
FR4 The Magister FR
FR5 The Savage Frontier FR
FR6 Dreams of the Red Wizards FR
GAZ5 The Elves of Alfhiem D&D
GAZ6 The Dwarves of Rockhome D&D
GAZ7 The Northern Reaches D&D
GAZ8 The Five Shires D&D
GAZ9 The Minrothad Guilds D&D

Adventures: 
DL15 Mists of Krynn DL
DL16 World of Krynn DL
FRC1 Ruins of Adventure FR
H4 Throne of Bloodstone FR
I14 Swords of the Iron Legion FR
OP1 Tales of the Outer Planes
WG7 Castle Greyhawk GH

1989:
Hardcovers:
Dungeon Master's Guide
Player's Handbook

Boxed Sets:
FR8 Cities of Mystery FR
The City of Greyhawk GH
Dawn of the Emperors: Thyatis and Alphatia D&D
Spelljammer: AD&D Adventures in Space SJ
Time of the Dragon DL

Accessories:
Advanced Dungeons & Dragons 2nd Edition Preview
City of Waterdeep Trail Map FR
Eastern Countries Trail Map D&D
Kara-Tur Trail Map FR
Monstrous Compendium Volume One
Monstrous Compendium Volume Two
Monstrous Compendium Volume Three: Forgotten Realms Appendix FR
Western Countries Trail Map D&D
World of Krynn Trail Map DL
FR7 Hall of Heroes FR
FR9 The Bloodstone Lands FR
FRC2 Curse of the Azure Bonds FR
GAZ10 The Orcs of Thar D&D
GAZ11 The Republic of Darokin D&D
GAZ12 The Golden Khan of Ethengar D&D
LC1 Gateway to Ravens Bluff, the Living City FR
PC1 Tall Tales of the Wee Folk D&D
PC2 Top Ballista D&D
PHBR1 The Complete Fighter's Handbook
PHBR2 The Complete Thief's Handbook
REF1 Dungeon Master's Screen
REF2 Character Record Sheets
REF5 Lords of Darkness FR
WG8 Fate of Istus GH

Adventures:
B11 King's Festival D&D
B12 Queen's Harvest D&D
DLE1 In Search of Dragons DL
DLE2 Dragon Magic DL
DLE3 Dragon Keep DL
FRE1 Shadowdale FR
FRE2 Tantras FR
FRE3 Waterdeep FR
OA5 Mad Monkey vs. the Dragon Claw FR
WG9 Gargoyle GH
WG10 Child's Play GH
WG11 Puppets GH

1990:
Hardcovers:
Forgotten Realms Adventures FR
Legends & Lore

Boxed Sets:
Castles: A 3-Dimensional Game Accessory
Hollow World Campaign Set D&D
The Horde Barbarian Campaign Setting FR
Ravenloft: Realm of Terror RL

Accessories:
The Forgotten Realms Atlas FR
Monstrous Compendium Dragonlance Appendix DL
Monstrous Compendium Greyhawk Appendix GH
Monstrous Compendium Kara-Tur Appendix FR
Monstrous Compendium Spelljammer Appendix SJ
DLR1 Otherlands DL
DMGR1 Campaign Sourcebook and Catacomb Guide
DMGR2 The Castle Guide
FOR1 Draconomicon FR
FR10 Old Empires FR
FR11 Dwarves Deep FR
GAZ13 The Shadow Elves D&D
LC2 Inside Ravens Bluff, the Living City FR
PHBR3 The Complete Priest's Handbook
PHBR4 The Complete Wizards's Handbook
SJR1 Lost Ships SJ
PC3 The Sea People D&D

Adventures:
Dark & Hidden Ways
Wild Things
DDA1 Arena of Thyatis D&D
DDA2 Legions of Thyatis D&D
DLA1 Dragon Dawn DL
DLA2 Dragon Knight DL
DLA3 Dragon's Rest DL
DLC1 Dragonlance Classics: Volume I DL
FA1 Halls of the High King FR
FRA1 Storm Riders FR
FRA2 Black Courser FR
FRA3 Blood Charge FR
FROA1 Ninja Wars FR
HWA1 Nightwail D&D
HWA2 Nightrage D&D
LNA1 Thieves of Lankhmar LNK
LNA2 Nehwon LNK
LNR1 Wonders of Lankhmar LNK
OA6 Ronin Challenge FR
OA7 Test of the Samurai FR
RA1 Feast of Goblyns RL
SJA1 Wildspace SJ
SJA2 Skull & Crossbow SJ
SJA3 Crystal Spheres SJ
WG12 Vale of the Mage GH
WGA1 Falcon's Revenge GH
WGA2 Falconmaster GH
WGA3 Flames of the Falcon GH
WGA4 Vecna Lives! GH
WGR1 Greyhawk Ruins GH

1991:
Hardcovers:
Rules Cyclopedia D&D
Tome of Magic

Boxed Sets:
Dark Sun Boxed Set DS
Greyhawk Wars GH
The Legend of Spelljammer SJ
Maztica Campaign Set FR
The New Easy to Master Dungeons & Dragons Game D&D
Ruins of Undermountain FR

Accessories:
Monstrous Compendium Forgotten Realms Appendix FR
Monstrous Compendium Outer Planes Appendix
Monstrous Compendium Ravenloft Appendix RL
Monstrous Compendium Spelljammer Appendix II SJ
DDREF1 Character Record Sheets D&D
DMGR3 Arms and Equipment Guide
FOR2 Drow of the Underdark FR
FR12 Horde Campaign FR
FR13 Anauroch FR
GAZ14 Atruaghin Clans D&D
HR1 Vikings Campaign Sourcebook
HWR1 Sons of Azca D&D
HWR2 Kingdom of Nythia D&D
LC3 Nightwatch in the Living City FR
LC4 Port of Ravens Bluff FR
LNR2 Tales of Lankhmar LNK
PHBR5 The Complete Psionics Handbook
PHBR6 The Complete Book of Dwarves
RR1 Darklords RL
RR2 Book of Crypts RL
RR3 Van Richten's Guide to Vampires RL
SJR2 Realmspace SJ
SJR3 Dungeon Master's Screen SJ
SJR4 Practical Planetology SJ

Adventures:
DDA3 Eye of Traldar D&D
DDA4 The Dymrak Dread D&D
DLS1 New Beginnings DL
DLS2 Tree Lords DL
DLS3 Oaklords DL
DLS4 Wild Elves DL
FA2 Nightmare Keep FR
FMA1 Fires of Zatal FR
FMA2 Endless Armies FR
HWA3 Nightstorm D&D
LNA3 Prince of Lankhmar LNK
RA2 Ship of Horror RL
RA3 Touch of Death RL
SJA4 Under the Dark Fist SJ
SJS1 Goblin's Return SJ
WGS1 Five Shall Be One GH
WGS2 Howl from the North GH

1992:
Hardcovers:
Dragon Kings DS

Boxed Sets:
The Dragon's Den D&D
The Goblin's Lair D&D
Forbidden Lore RL
From the Ashes GH
The Haunted Tower D&D
Land of Fate AQ
Menzoberranzan FR
Tales of the Lance DL
War Captain's Companion SJ
Wrath of the Immortals D&D
ALQ1 Golden Voyages AQ
GR1 Strongholds
GR2 Dungeons of Mystery

Accessories:
Arabian Adventures AQ
Aurora's Whole Realms Catalog FR
Character & Monster Assortment D&D
Magic Encyclopedia, Volume 1
Monstrous Compendium Al-Qadim Appendix AQ
Monstrous Compendium Dark Sun Appendix: Terrors of the Desert DS
Monstrous Compendium Fiend Folio Appendix
Thunder Rift D&D
Volo's Guide to Waterdeep FR
AC1010 Poor Wizard's Almanac & Book of Facts D&D
CGR1 The Complete Spacefarer's Handbook SJ
DLR2 Taladas: The Minotaurs DL
DMGR4 Monster Mythology
DSR1 Slave Tribes DS
DSR2 Dune Trader DS
DSR3 Veiled Alliance DS
DSR4 Valley of Dust and Fire DS
FOR3 Pirates of the Fallen Stars FR
FR14 The Great Glacier FR
FR15 Gold & Glory FR
GR3 Treasure Maps
HR2 Charlemagne's Paladins Campaign Sourcebook
HR3 Celts Campaign Sourcebook
HR4 A Mighty Fortress Campaign Sourcebook
HWR3 The Milenian Empire D&D
PC4 Night Howlers D&D
PHBR7 The Complete Bard's Handbook
PHBR8 The Complete Book of Elves
REF6 Rogues Gallery
RR4 Islands of Terror RL
RR5 Van Richten's Guide to Ghosts RL
SJR5 Rock of Bral SJ
SJR6 Greyspace SJ
WGR2 Treasures of Greyhawk GH
WGR3 Rary the Traitor GH

Adventures:
Assault on Raven's Ruin D&D
The Jade Hare D&D
Quest for the Silver Sword D&D
Sword and Shield D&D
DLQ1 Knight's Sword DL
DLQ2 Flint's Axe DL
FMQ1 City of Gold FR
FRQ1 Haunted Halls of Evening Star FR
FRQ2 Hordes of Dragonspear FR
HHQ1 Fighter's Challenge
HHQ2 Wizard's Challenge
HWQ1 The Milenian Sceptre D&D
LNQ1 Slayers of Lankhmar LNK
RQ1 Night of the Walking Dead RL
RQ2 Thoughts of Darkness RL
RQ3 From the Shadows RL
SJQ1 Heart of the Enemy SJ
WGQ1 Patriots of Ulek GH

1993:
Hardcovers:
Book of Artifacts
Monstrous Manual

Boxed Sets:
The Astromundi Cluster SJ
Castles Forlorn RL
Champions of Mystara: Heroes of the Princess Ark D&D
City of Delights AQ
Dragon Mountain
Dwarven Kingdoms of Krynn DL
Forgotten Realms Campaign Setting FR
The Ivory Triangle DS
ALQ2 Assassin Mountain AQ
ALQ3 A Dozen and One Adventures AQ
ALQ4 Secrets of the Lamp AQ

Accessories:
Lankhmar: City of Adventure LNK
Magic Encyclopedia, Volume 2
Monstrous Compendium Ravenloft Appendix II: Children of the Night RL
Volo's Guide to the North FR
AC1011 Poor Wizard's Almanac II & Book of Facts D&D
CGR2 The Complete Gladiator's Handbook DS
DLR3 Unsung Heroes DL
DMGR5 Creative Campaigning
DMR1 Dungeon Master Screen D&D
DMR2 Creature Catalog D&D
DSS1 City State of Tyr DS
DSS2 Earth, Air, Fire and Water DS
DSS3 Elves of Athas DS
FOR4 The Code of the Harpers FR
FR16 The Shining South FR
FRS1 Dalelands FR
HR5 The Glory of Rome Campaign Sourcebook
PG1 Player's Guide to the Dragonlance Campaign DL
PG2 Player's Guide to the Forgotten Realms FR
PHBR9 The Complete Book of Gnomes and Halflings
PHBR10 The Complete Book of Humanoids
PHBR11 The Complete Ranger's Handbook
RR6 Van Richten's Guide to the Lich RL
RR7 Van Richten's Guide to Werebeasts RL
SJR7 Krynnspace SJ
SJR8 Space Lairs SJ
WGR4 The Marklands GH
WGR5 Iuz the Evil GH
WGR6 The City of Skulls GH

Adventures:
Dark of the Moon RL
In the Phantom's Wake D&D
The Knight of Newts D&D
Rage of the Rakasta D&D
DLC2 Dragonlance Classics: Volume II DL
DLT1 New Tales: The Land Reborn DL
DSE1 Dragon's Crown DS
FRM1 Jungles of Chult FR
FRQ3 Doom of Daggerdale FR
GA1 The Murky Deep
GA2 Swamplight
GA3 Tales of Enchantment
HHQ3 Thief's Challenge
HHQ4 Cleric's Challenge
RM1 Roots of Evil RL
RM2 The Created RL
RM3 Web of Illusion RL
RM4 House of Strahd RL
WGM1 Border Watch GH

1994:
Boxed Sets:
Caravans AQ
Cities of Bone AQ
City by the Silt Sea DS
City of Splendors FR
Classic Dungeons & Dragons Game D&D
Corsairs of the Great Sea AQ
Council of Wyrms
Elminster's Ecologies FR
Karameikos: Kingdom of Adventure M2E
Masque of the Red Death and Other Tales RL
Planes of Chaos PS
Planescape Campaign Setting PS
Ravenloft Campaign Setting RL
The Ruins of Undermountain II: The Deep Levels FR
Ruined Kingdoms AQ

Accessories:
Book of Lairs DL
Book of Lairs FR
City Sites
The Complete Sha'ir's Handbook AQ
Cormyr FR
Encyclopedia Magica, Volume I
Fighter's Player Pack
Fighter's Screen
Marco Volo: Journey FR
Monstrous Compendium Annual Volume One
Mystara Monstrous Compendium Appendix M2E
Planescape Monstrous Compendium Appendix PS
Poor Wizard's Almanac III & Book of Facts M2E
Priest's Player Pack
Priest's Screen
Ravenloft Monstrous Compendium Appendix III: Creatures of Darkness RL
Thief's Player Pack
Thief's Screen
Treasure Chest
Volo's Guide to the Sword Coast FR
The Will and the Way DS
Wizard's Player Pack
Wizard's Screen
DMGR6 The Complete Book of Villains
FOR5 Elves of Evermeet FR
HR6 Age of Heroes Campaign Sourcebook
HR7 The Crusades Campaign Sourcebook
PHBR12 The Complete Paladin's Handbook
PHBR13 The Complete Druid's Handbook
RR8 Van Richten's Guide to the Created RL
RR9 Van Richten's Guide to the Ancient Dead RL

Adventures:
Adam's Wrath RL
The Awakening RL
Black Spine DS
The Deva Spark PS
The Eternal Boundary PS
Fighter's Challenge II
Forest Maker DS
Hour of the Knife RL
Howls in the Night RL
In the Abyss PS
Marco Volo: Arrival FR
Marco Volo: Departure FR
Rogues in Lankhmar
Temple, Tower & Tomb
Well of Worlds PS
Wizard's Challenge II
DLC3 Dragonlance Classics: Volume III DL

1995:
Hardcovers:
Dungeon Master Guide
Dungeon Master Option: High-Level Campaigns
Player's Handbook
Player's Option: Combat & Tactics
Player's Option: Skills & Powers

Boxed Sets:
Birthright Campaign Setting BR
Cities of the Sun BR
Dark Sun Campaign Setting Expanded and Revised DS
Glantri: Kingdom of Magic M2E
Introduction to Advanced Dungeons & Dragons Game
Night Below: An Underdark Campaign
The Nightmare Lands RL
Planes of Conflict PS
Planes of Law PS
Ruins of Zhentil Keep FR
Spellbound FR

Accessories:
Beyond the Prism Pentad DS
Blood Enemies: Abominations of Cerilia BR
Castle Sites
Chronomancer
Country Sites
Dark Sun Monstrous Compendium Appendix II: Terrors Beyond Tyr DS
Dungeon Master Screen & Master Index
Dungeon Master's Survival Kit M2E
Elminster's Ecologies Appendix I: The Battle of Bones & Hill of Lost Souls FR
Encyclopedia Magica, Volume II
Encyclopedia Magica, Volume III
Encyclopedia Magica, Volume IV
The Factol's Manifesto PS
The Gothic Earth Gazetteer: A Masque of the Red Death Accessory RL
History of Dragonlance DL
In the Cage: A Guide to Sigil PS
Joshuan's Almanac & Book of Facts M2E
Monstrous Compendium Annual Volume Two
The Moonsea FR
Pages from the Mages FR
Planescape Monstrous Compendium Appendix II PS
Player's Secrets of Ariya BR
Player's Secrets of Endier BR
Player's Secrets of Ilien BR
Player's Secrets of Medoere BR
Player's Secrets of Roesone BR
Player's Secrets of Talinie BR
Player's Secrets of Tuornen BR
Player's Survivial Kit M2E
Shaman
Thri-Kreen of Athas DS
Volo's Guide to Cormyr FR
Windriders of the Jagged Cliffs DS
Wizards and Rogues of the Realms FR
DMGR7 The Complete Book of Necromancers
FOR6 The Seven Sisters FR
FOR7 Giantcraft FR
PHBR14 The Complete Barbarian's Handbook
PHBR15 The Complete Ninja's Handbook
RR10 Van Richten's Guide to Fiends RL
RR11 Van Richten's Guide to the Vistani RL

Adventures:
Avengers in Lankhmar LNK
Chilling Tales RL
Circle of Darkness RL
Cleric's Challenge II
Cutthroats of Lankhmar LNK
The Dancing Hut of Baba Yaga
Elminster's Ecologies Appendix II: The High Moor & The Serpent Hills FR
The Evil Eye RL
Fires of Dis PS
Harbinger House PS
Labyrinth of Madness
Neither Man Nor Beast RL
The Return of Randal Morn FR
The Secret of Spiderhaunt FR
Sword and Crown BR
The Sword of the Dales FR
Thief's Challenge II: Beacon Point
Warlock of the Stonecrowns BR
When Black Roses Bloom RL

1996:
Hardcovers:
Player's Option: Spells & Magic

Boxed Sets:
Bleak House: The Death of Rudolph van Richten RL
Complete Starter Set
Fritz Leiber's Lankhmar LNK
Havens of the Great Bay BR
Hellbound: The Blood War PS
Naval Battle System: The Seas of Cerilia BR
Netheril: Empire of Magic FR
The North: Guide to the Savage Frontier FR
Requiem: The Grim Harvest RL
The Rjurik Highlands BR
The Rod of Seven Parts
The Wanderer's Chronicle: Mind Lords of the Last Sea DS

Accessories:
The Book of Magecraft BR
Children of the Night: Vampires RL
Defilers and Preservers: The Wizards of Athas DS
Den of Thieves
Faiths & Avatars FR
A Guide to the Astral Plane PS
A Guide to Transylvania: A Masque of the Red Death Accessory RL
On Hallowed Ground PS
Heroes' Lorebook FR
I, Tyrant
Monstrous Compendium Annual Volume Three
The Planewalker's Handbook PS
Player's Secrets of Baruk-Azhik BR
Player's Secrets of Binsada BR
Player's Secrets of Halskapa BR
Player's Secrets of Khourane BR
Player's Secrets of Stjordvik BR
Player's Secrets of Tuarhievel BR
Psionic Artifacts of Athas DS
Ravenloft Monstrous Compendium Appendices I & II: A Chilling Collection of Ghastly Creatures RL
Treasure Tales
The Vilhon Reach FR
Uncaged: Faces of Sigil PS
Volo's Guide to All Things Magical FR
Volo's Guide to the Dalelands FR
Warriors and Priests of the Realms FR
Wizard's Spell Compendium, Volume One
World Builder's Guidebook
DMGR8 Sages and Specialists
LC5 Player’s Guide to the Living City Campaign FR
RR12 Forged of Darkness RL

Adventures:
Death Ascendant RL
Death Unchained RL
Doors to the Unknown PS
Eye of Doom
Eye to Eye
Eye of Pain
The Gates of Firestorm Peak
A Hero's Tale
How the Mighty are Fallen FR
Legends of the Hero-Kings BR
The Silver Key
Something Wild PS
The Sword of Roele BR
Undermountain: Maddgoth's Castle FR
Undermountain: The Lost Level FR
Undermountain: Stardock FR

1997:
Hardcovers:
Domains of Dread RL

Boxed Sets:
Lands of Intrigue FR
Tale of the Comet

Accessories:
The Book of Priestcraft BR
Children of the Night: Ghosts RL
Faces of Evil: The Fiends PS
Living City Campaign, Procampur Expansion Packet FR
Powers & Pantheons FR
Prayers from the Faithful FR
The Sea Devils
Tribes of the Heartless Waste BR
Wizard's Spell Compendium, Volume Two
DMGR9 Of Ships and the Sea

Adventures:
Castle Spulzeer FR
Dead Gods PS
Evil Tide
The Forgotten Terror RL
Four from Cormyr FR
The Great Modron March PS
King of the Giantdowns BR
Night of the Shark
Sea of Blood
The Star of Kolhapur

1998:
Box Sets:
Empires of the Shining Sea FR
Return to the Tomb of Horrors GH

Accessories:
The Adventure Begins GH
Calimport FR
Children of the Night: Werebeasts RL
The City of Ravens Bluff FR
College of Wizardry
Cormanthyr: Empire of Elves FR
Demihuman Deities FR
Dungeon Builder's Guidebook
A Guide to the Ethereal Plane PS
The Illithiad
The Inner Planes PS
Jakandor, Island of War
Jakandor, Isle of Destiny
Monstrous Compendium Annual Volume Four
Planescape Monstrous Compendium Appendix III PS
Player's Guide to Greyhawk GH
Player's Secrets of Hogunmark BR
The Shadow Rift RL
Tales from the Infinite Staircase PS
Villains' Lorebook FR
Wizard's Spell Compendium, Volume Three
Wizard's Spell Compendium, Volume Four
FOR8 Cult of the Dragon FR
RR13 Champions of the Mists RL

Adventures:
Crypt of Lyzandred the Mad GH
A Darkness Gathering
Dawn of the Overmind
Destiny of Kings
Doomgrinder GH
Faction War PS
The Fall of Myth Drannor FR
For Duty and Deity FR
Hellgate Keep FR
Jakandor, Land of Legend
Kidnapped FR
The Lost Shrine of Bundushatur
Masters of Eternal Night
Moonlight Madness
A Paladin in Hell
Return of the Eight GH
Reunion AQ
Road to Danger
Seeds of Chaos DL
Servants of Darkness RL
The Star Cairns GH
Vecna Reborn RL

1999:
Hardcovers:
Campaign Option: Council of Wyrms

Boxed Sets:
Dungeons and Dragons Adventure Game D&D
Silver Anniversary Collector's Edition

Accessories:
Axe of the Dwarvish Lords
Bastion of Faith
Carnival RL
Children of the Night: The Created RL
Demihumans of the Realms FR
Drizzt Do'Urden's Guide to the Underdark FR
Guide to Hell
Priest's Spell Compendium, Volume One
Priest's Spell Compendium, Volume Two
The Scarlet Brotherhood GH
Sea of Fallen Stars FR
Skullport FR
Van Richten's Monster Hunter's Compendium, Volume One RL
Van Richten's Monster Hunter's Compendium, Volume Two RL
Warriors of Heaven

Adventures:
The Accursed Tower FR
Against the Giants: The Liberation of Geoff GH
Chaos Spawn: A Chaos War Adventure DL
Dragonlance Classics: 15th Anniversary Edition DL
Dungeons of Despair
Ravenloft (25th Anniversary) RL
Return to the Keep on the Borderlands
Return to White Plume Mountain GH
The Shattered Circle
The Sylvan Veil DL
TSR Jam 1999
Wand of Archeal
Wyrmskull Throne FR
L3 Deep Dwarven Delve GH

Saturday, April 7, 2018

The Dimensions of a Ten-Sided Die: Part II

The dimensions of a pentagonal trapezohedron can be expressed with two free variables. One of them determines the overall size of the polyhedron. The other determines the ratio of the distance between the polar vertices relative to the distance of the other vertices to the center.

Is there a canonical value for the ratio? We could insist all vertices lie in a sphere. This gives the die a round shape and is close to the ratio dice manufacturers use.
Since the vertices are now equidistant to the center we can impose the additional constraint $$n + \frac{h}{2} = \sqrt{\frac{h^2}{4} + m^2}$$ We arbitrarily set m to 1 and solve using Mathematica:

Solve[{k/n == m/(n + h),
   k/m == Cos[2*Pi/10],
   w/z == h/(n + h),
   y/(2*m) == Sin[2*Pi/10],
   z == Sqrt[m^2 + (n + h)^2],
   f == Sqrt[(z - w)^2 + (y/2)^2],
   g == Sqrt[w^2 + (y/2)^2],
   n + h/2 == Sqrt[h^2/4 + m^2],
   m == 1},
   {k, h, w, z, y, f, g, n, m}] // N

The values are $$k \approx 0.809017 \\ h \approx 0.212332 \\ w \approx 0.285586 \\
z \approx 1.49535 \\ y \approx 1.17557 \\ f \approx 1.345 \\ g \approx
   0.653491  \\ n \approx 0.899454 \\ m = 1 \\ \alpha \approx 51.8273^\circ \\ \beta = 90^\circ \\ \gamma \approx 128.173^\circ $$

Saturday, March 17, 2018

Sunday, March 11, 2018

The Dimensions of a Ten-Sided Die

TSR introduced the ten-sided die to gamers in 1981 but the idea of using a pentagonal trapezohedron as a die was first patented in 1906.

The pentagonal trapezohedron is face-transitive and each face is parallel to a face on the opposite side. Is the pentagonal trapezohedron the only ten-sided polyhedron with these properties? The pentagonal bipyramid is face-transitive but lacks parallel, opposite sides. The right, regular-octagonal prism has parallel, opposite sides but isn't face-transitive.

The pentagonal trapezohedron isn't vertex-transitive. Two of the vertices, which we can think of as the poles, touch 5 faces each. The remaining 10 vertices are arranged in two parallel pentagons and touch 3 faces each.
In the diagrams above a few labels are provided as an aid to figuring out the dimensions of the pentagonal trapezohedron. In the first diagram the dimensions n and h are along the axis connecting the two poles of the pentagonal trapezohedron. The left diagonal is the central spine of one of the kite-shaped faces, labeled z in the bottom two diagrams. If we rotate the trapezohedron around the axis 36°, we can bring the central spine of an adjacent face into the position of the right diagonal.  The non-polar vertices are in the planes perpendicular to the axis indicated by k or m.

If we rotate the polyhedron so that the axis is perpendicular to the plane of the page, then the second diagram shows how the non-polar vertices are arranged.

By similar triangles in the first diagram this holds $$ \frac{k}{n} = \frac{m}{n+h}$$ From the second diagram and trigonometry $$ \frac{k}{m} = \cos{\frac{2 \pi}{10}}$$ The remaining equations in the Mathematica code that follows can be justified by similar triangles, trigonometry, or the Pythagorean theorem:

  Solve[{k/n == m/(n + h), k/m == Cos[2*Pi/10], w/z == h/(n + h),
    y/(2*m) == Sin[2*Pi/10], z == Sqrt[m^2 + (n + h)^2],
    f == Sqrt[(z - w)^2 + (y/2)^2], g == Sqrt[w^2 + (y/2)^2]},
    {k, h, w, z, y, f, g}]

$$ k = \frac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{4}m \\ h = (2 + \sqrt{5})n \\ w = \frac{3\sqrt{m^2 + (6-2\sqrt{5})n^2}}{4} \\ z = \sqrt{m^2 +(6 - 2\sqrt{5})n^2}  \\ y = \sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \left(5-\sqrt{5}\right)} m \\  f = \sqrt{m^2 + n^2} \\ g = \sqrt{\left(9-4 \sqrt{5}\right) n^2-\frac{1}{2} \left(\sqrt{5}-3\right) m^2} \\ \alpha = 2 \sin ^{-1}\left(\frac{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \left(5-\sqrt{5}\right)} m}{2
   \sqrt{m^2+n^2}}\right) \\ \gamma = 2 \cos ^{-1}\left(-\frac{\left(\sqrt{5}-3\right) \sqrt{m^2-2 \left(\sqrt{5}-3\right) n^2}}{2
   \sqrt{4 \left(9-4 \sqrt{5}\right) n^2-2 \left(\sqrt{5}-3\right) m^2}}\right) \\ \beta = \frac{2 \pi - \alpha - \gamma}{2}$$We are free to choose m and n to be any positive values.